Attenuation of Ca2+ homeostasis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunctions in diabetic rat heart: insulin therapy or aerobic exercise?
We tested the effects of swimming training and insulin therapy, either alone or in combination, on the intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) homeostasis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial functions in diabetic rat hearts. In conclusion, the combination of swimming training with insulin replacement was more effective in attenuating intracellular Ca2+ disruptions, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunctions in STZ-induced diabetic rat hearts.