Promoting good oral health is essential in order to prevent and reduce the negative consequences of diabetes type 2 (DM2) and to maintain good health (1). DM2 and oral diseases share common biological mechanisms (2,3) and the same lifestyle-related risk factors (4,5). Better management of these diseases requires good self-care practices and adherence to daily regimes. However, many patients find themselves unable to follow recommended lifestyles, which make them more prone to DM2-related complications and poor oral health, leading to a poor quality of life. A common-risk factor approach to promote better oral health and successful DM2 management are proposed as an urgent need by WHO (6). Health Coaching (HC) can be one approach to this need. HC is a new patient-centered approach that facilitates individuals in establishing and attaining health promoting goals in order to change health behaviors with the intent of reducing health risks, improving chronic disease management, and increasing health-related quality of life (7). 

Is there a significant need to promote oral health as part of diabetes management? Why, why not? 

Information about the discussion leader

The discussion will be moderated by Ayse Basak Cinar, Research Fellow and Health Coach, Dundee Dental School and Hospital, University of Dundee and NHS Tayside, Scotland, UK.

References

1. IDF. Diabetes and oral health (2009) http://www.idf.org/oral-healthvital-component-wellbeing. 

2. Genco RJ, Grossi SG, Ho A, Nishimura F, Murayama Y (2005) A proposed model linking inflammation to obesity, diabetes, and periodontal infections. J Periodontol 76(11 Suppl):2075–2084 

3. Nishimura F, Kono T, Fujimoto C, Iwamoto Y, Murayama Y (2000) Negative effects of chronic inflammatory periodontal disease on diabetes mellitus. J Int Acad Periodontol 2:49–55 

4. Santacroce L, Carlaio RG, Bottalico L (2010) Does it make sense that diabetes is reciprocally associated with periodontal disease? Endocr, Metab Immune Disord: Drug Targets 10:57–70 

5. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2012) Risk factors contributing to chronic disease 2012. http://www.aihw.gov.au/ WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=10737421546. Accessed April 29, 2013

6. WHO (2013) Non-communicable diseases. http://www.who.int/ mediacentre/factsheets/fs355/en/. Accessed 29 April 2013 

7. Butterworth SW, Linden A, McClay W (2007) Health coaching as an intervention in health management programs. Dis Manage Health Outcomes 15:299–307

   Further reading on Health Coaching as common behavioural intervention for  for Oral Health and Diabetes management

8. Cinar AB, Oktay I, Schou L. Smile healthy to your diabetes: health coaching-based intervention for oral health and diabetes management. Clin Oral Investig 2014 Sep;18(7):1793-801. doi: 10.1007/s00784-013-1165-2.

9. Cinar AB, Schou L. Health Promotion for Patients with Diabetes: Health Coaching or Health Education? Int Dent J; 64: 20-8. doi: 10.1111/idj.12058. 

10. Cinar AB, Schou L. The role of self- efficacy in health coaching and health education for patients with type 2 diabetes. Int Dent J; 64:155-63. doi: 10.1111/idj.12093. Epub 2014.

11. Cinar AB, Schou L. Impact of Empowerment on Toothbrushing and Diabetes Management. Oral Health Prev Dent; 12(4):337-44. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a32130.

12. Cinar AB, Schou L Health coaching increases self-esteem and healthy smiles. Diabetes Voice; (Special Issue) 59:47-51. Available at:http://www.idf.org/diabetesvoice/special-issue-2014/basak-cinar.

13. Cinar AB, Oktay I, Schou L.Toothbrushing: A Link Between Noncommunicable and Communicable Diseases? Oral Health Prev Dent. 2015 Apr 16. doi: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a34054.